HIV/AIDS

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system by infecting and destroying cells that coordinate immune responses. Over several years, this progressive destruction leads to immune deficiency, leaving the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the advanced stage of HIV infection, characterized by severe immune system damage. While antiretroviral therapy can manage the virus and delay progression, there is no cure. HIV is transmitted through sexual contact, exposure to infected blood (e.g., via transfusions or unsterilized needles), or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.